"Lipoti la Ntchito ya Boma" likufuna kukhazikitsa kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano.Kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kumatanthawuza matekinoloje atsopano osungira mphamvu kuposa kusungirako mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi, kuphatikiza kusungirako magetsi a electrochemical, kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya, kusungirako mphamvu ya flywheel, kusungirako kutentha, kusungirako kuzizira, kusungirako haidrojeni ndi matekinoloje ena.Pansi pazochitika zatsopano, pali mwayi waukulu wofulumizitsa masanjidwe a mafakitale atsopano osungira mphamvu.

Ubwino woonekeratu ndi ziyembekezo zazikulu

M'zaka zaposachedwa, mphamvu zatsopano za dziko langa zakhalabe ndi chitukuko chofulumira, kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwapamwamba.Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka chatha, chiwerengero cha mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa anaika mphamvu mu okwana mphamvu mphamvu dziko kuposa 50%, mbiri kuposa matenthedwe mphamvu anaika mphamvu, ndi mphamvu mphepo ndi photovoltaic anaika mphamvu kuposa kilowatts biliyoni 1.Mphamvu zamagetsi zongowonjezwdwa zimatengera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a magetsi amtundu wa anthu, ndipo mphamvu yamphepo ndi kupanga magetsi a photovoltaic zimasunga kukula kwa manambala awiri.

Malingana ndi kuyerekezera, dziko langa lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mphamvu za magetsi atsopano monga mphamvu ya mphepo ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa zidzafika mabiliyoni a kilowatts mu 2060. Ngati gawo la mphamvu yamagetsi imasungidwa m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu ngati katundu wamba, ndipo imatumizidwa pamene ogwiritsa ntchito akufunikira. ndi kusungidwa pamene sikufunika, nthawi yeniyeni yeniyeni ya dongosolo la mphamvu ikhoza kusungidwa.Malo osungiramo mphamvu ndi "nkhokwe" yofunikayi.

Pamene gawo la mphamvu zatsopano zopangira mphamvu zatsopano likukulirakulirabe, mphamvu zamagetsi zimakhala ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kosungirako mphamvu zatsopano.Pakati pa malo osungirako mphamvu, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, okhwima komanso otsika mtengo ndi malo opangira magetsi opopera.Komabe, ili ndi zofunika kwambiri pazachilengedwe komanso nthawi yayitali yomanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutumiza mosavuta.Kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kumakhala ndi nthawi yochepa yomanga, kusankha malo osavuta komanso osinthika, ndi mphamvu zosinthika zolimba, zomwe zimakwaniritsa ubwino wosungira madzi opopera.

Akatswiri amanena kuti kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pomanga magetsi atsopano.Ndi kukula kwachangu kwa mphamvu zatsopano zosungiramo mphamvu zowonjezera, udindo wake polimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zatsopano komanso ntchito yotetezeka komanso yokhazikika ya machitidwe a mphamvu yatulukira pang'onopang'ono.Pan Wenhu, mkulu wa Power Dispatching Control Center of State Grid Wuhu Power Supply Company, anati: “M’zaka zaposachedwapa, ntchito yomanga malo opangira magetsi osungira mphamvu ku Wuhu, Anhui yakhala ikufulumira.Chaka chatha, malo opangira magetsi atsopano 13 adawonjezedwa ku Wuhu City, ndi mphamvu yolumikizidwa ndi grid ya 227,300 kilowatts.Mu February chaka chino, malo osiyanasiyana osungira magetsi ku Wuhu City adatenga nawo gawo pamagulu opitilira 50 amagetsi amderali, omwe amawononga pafupifupi ma kilowatt miliyoni a 6.5 miliyoni amagetsi atsopano, akugwira ntchito yofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ikuyenda bwino. grid ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zatsopano panthawi yamphamvu. ”

Akatswiri adanena kuti nthawi ya "14th Five-Year Plan" ndi nthawi yofunikira yopangira mwayi wopanga mphamvu zatsopano.dziko langa lafika pamlingo wotsogola kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi wa mabatire a lithiamu-ion, kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya woponderezedwa ndi matekinoloje ena.Poyang'anizana ndi mpikisano waukadaulo wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndi nthawi yoti tithandizire luso laukadaulo wobiriwira komanso wocheperako komanso kufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga zida zatsopano zosungira mphamvu zamagetsi.

Yang'anani pa kusintha kobiriwira ndi kutsika kwa carbon

Kumayambiriro kwa 2022, National Development and Reform Commission ndi National Energy Administration pamodzi adapereka "Implementation Plan for Development of New Energy Storage" pa "14th Five-year Plan" ", yomwe idafotokoza kuti pofika 2025, kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano. adzalowa gawo lachitukuko chachikulu kuyambira pachiyambi cha malonda, ndi mphamvu zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito malonda.

Ndi ndondomeko zabwino, chitukuko chosiyanasiyana komanso chapamwamba cha kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kwapeza zotsatira zochititsa chidwi."Kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kwakhala ukadaulo wofunikira kwambiri pomanga dziko langa lamagetsi atsopano ndi zida zatsopano zamagetsi, njira yofunikira pakukulitsa mafakitale omwe akutukuka kumene komanso poyambira kulimbikitsa kusintha kobiriwira komanso kutsika kwa mpweya wamagetsi ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu."Wachiwiri kwa Director of the Energy Conservation and Technology Equipment department of the National Energy Administration Director Bian Guangqi adati.

Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka chatha, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zosungirako mphamvu zatsopano zomwe zidamalizidwa ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito m'dziko lonselo zinafika pa ma kilowati 31.39 miliyoni / maola 66.87 miliyoni a kilowatt, ndi nthawi yosungira mphamvu ya maola 2.1.Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama, kuyambira pa "Mapulani a Zaka 14 zazaka zisanu", mphamvu zatsopano zosungiramo mphamvu zatsopano zathandizira mwachindunji ndalama zazachuma zopitilira 100 biliyoni, kukulitsa kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa unyolo wa mafakitale, ndikukhala watsopano. kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha chuma cha dziko langa.

Pamene mphamvu zatsopano zosungiramo mphamvu zowonjezera zikukula, matekinoloje atsopano akupitiriza kuonekera.Kuyambira chaka chatha, ntchito yomanga yayamba pa ma projekiti angapo osungira mphamvu zamagetsi a megawati 300, ma projekiti osungira mphamvu ya batire ya 100-megawatt, ndi mapulojekiti osungira mphamvu a megawati pamlingo wa flywheel.Tekinoloje zatsopano monga kusungirako mphamvu yokoka, kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya wamadzimadzi, ndi kusungirako mphamvu za carbon dioxide zayambika.Kukhazikitsidwa kwaukadaulo kwawonetsa njira yachitukuko yosiyanasiyana.Pofika kumapeto kwa 2023, 97.4% ya batire ya lithiamu-ion yosungira mphamvu yakhala ikugwira ntchito, 0.5% ya batire ya carbon-lead-carbon, 0.5% yosungiramo mphamvu ya mpweya, 0,4% yosungira mphamvu ya batire, ndi zina zatsopano. kusungirako mphamvu Zamakono zimakhala ndi 1.2%.

"Kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano ndi ukadaulo wosokoneza womanga mphamvu yatsopano yamagetsi, ndipo tipitiliza kukulitsa ntchito zathu zotumiza."Song Hailiang, Mlembi wa Komiti Yachipani ndi Wapampando wa China Energy Construction Group Co., Ltd., adanena kuti pankhani ya utsogoleri wamakampani, tili patsogolo pa njira yotumiza anthu ambiri. chiwerengero cha ntchito zowonetsera zatsopano.Nthawi yomweyo, timayang'ana pakugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kotetezeka komanso koyenera kosungirako mphamvu zamagetsi, kutsogolera pakufufuza paukadaulo wamakina osungira mphamvu yokoka ndi zida, ndikulimbikitsanso ntchito yomanga chiwonetsero cha Zhangjiakou 300 MWh mphamvu yokoka. polojekiti.

Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera kuyenera kuwonjezeredwa

Kuti akwaniritse kufunika kofulumira kwa mphamvu zoyendetsera mphamvu zamagetsi, mphamvu zatsopano zosungiramo mphamvu zoyikapo zikufunikabe kuti zikule mwachangu.Monga makampani otsogola, kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kudakali gawo loyamba lachitukuko.Pali mavuto monga kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono ndi kugwiritsira ntchito komanso chitetezo chomwe chiyenera kulimbikitsidwa.

Malinga ndi omwe ali mkati mwamakampani, malinga ndi zomwe akuluakulu aboma amagetsi amafunikira, mapulojekiti ambiri atsopano amagetsi ali ndi malo opangira magetsi.Komabe, chifukwa cha kusakwanira kwa chithandizo chogwira ntchito, mitundu yosadziwika bwino yamabizinesi, njira zowongolera zosalongosoka ndi zina, chiwopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito ndi chochepa.

Mu November chaka chatha, National Energy Administration inapereka "Chidziwitso pa Kupititsa patsogolo Kugwirizanitsa kwa Gridi ndi Kutumiza Kugwiritsa Ntchito kwa New Energy Storage (Draft for Comments)", yomwe inafotokozera njira zoyendetsera, zofunikira zaumisiri, chitetezo cha bungwe, ndi zina zotero za kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kuphatikiza grid ndi kutumiza ntchito., ikuyembekezeka kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito kakusungirako mphamvu zatsopano, kutsogolera chitukuko chabwino chamakampani, ndipo idzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakukula kosungirako mphamvu potengera kutumiza mphamvu ndi kumanga msika.

Monga chitukuko cha mafakitale, mafakitale, ndi teknoloji yogwiritsira ntchito malonda, kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kumakhala ndi chitukuko chokhazikika pazatsopano.Liu Yafang, pulofesa wanthawi yochepa ku yunivesite ya Zhejiang komanso wachiwiri kwa director of the Science and Technology department of the National Energy Administration, adati ngati bungwe lazatsopano, mabizinesi sayenera kungoyang'ana luso la zida zosungira mphamvu zokha. , komanso kuganizira kuganiza mwadongosolo, kulamulira mwanzeru, ndi ntchito mwanzeru.Ndalama ziyenera kukulitsidwa pakuwongolera mwanzeru kwa ntchito yosungiramo mphamvu ndi kutengeka kwa msika wamagetsi, ndi zina zotero, kuti apereke kusewera kwathunthu ku mtengo wosinthika wa kusungirako mphamvu ndikukwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso opindulitsa kwambiri.

Wang Zeshen, mlembi wamkulu wa China Chemical ndi Physical Power Supply Industry Association, ananena kuti zinthu dziko langa ndi siteji chitukuko cha msika mphamvu ayenera kuganiziridwa momveka bwino, mapangidwe apamwamba mlingo wa mfundo zosungira mphamvu ayenera kulimbikitsidwa, kafukufuku. pazochitika zogwiritsira ntchito kusungirako mphamvu ndi njira zolipirira mtengo m'makina atsopano amagetsi ziyenera kuchitidwa, ndipo njira zothetsera zopinga zosungirako ziyenera kufufuzidwa.Malingaliro ndi njira zomwe zingapangitse zolepheretsa zidzalimbikitsa chitukuko champhamvu chaumisiri watsopano wosungiramo mphamvu zatsopano ndikuthandiza kwambiri kuonetsetsa kuti machitidwe atsopano amagetsi akuyenda bwino komanso okhazikika.(Wang Yichen)