Rahoton "Rahoton Ayyukan Gwamnati" yana ba da shawara don haɓaka sabon ajiyar makamashi.Sabbin ma'ajiyar makamashi tana nufin sabbin fasahohin ajiyar makamashi ban da ma'ajiyar makamashi ta ruwa, gami da ajiyar makamashin lantarki na lantarki, ma'ajiyar makamashin iska, ma'ajiyar wutar lantarki, ajiyar zafi, ajiyar sanyi, ajiyar hydrogen da sauran fasahohi.A karkashin sabon halin da ake ciki, akwai manyan damammaki don hanzarta tsara sabbin masana'antun ajiyar makamashi.

Bayyanannun fa'idodi da fa'ida

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, sabon makamashi na ƙasata ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai kyau na ci gaba cikin sauri, yawan amfani, da amfani mai inganci.Ya zuwa karshen shekarar da ta gabata, adadin makamashin da ake iya sabuntawa da aka sanya a cikin karfin samar da wutar lantarki na kasar ya zarce kashi 50%, a tarihi ya zarce karfin da aka girka, kuma karfin iska da wutar lantarki da aka shigar ya zarce kilowatt biliyan 1.Samar da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa ya kai kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yawan wutar da al'umma ke amfani da su, kuma wutar lantarki da samar da wutar lantarki na ɗaukar hoto suna ci gaba da haɓaka lambobi biyu.

A cewar alkaluma, karfin da kasata ta girka na sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi kamar wutar lantarki da hasken rana zai kai biliyoyin kilowatts a shekarar 2060. Idan wani bangare na wutar lantarkin ya kasance a cikin ma'ajiya kamar kayayyakin abinci na yau da kullun, kuma ana tura shi lokacin da masu amfani da su ke bukata. kuma ana adana shi a lokacin da ba a buƙata ba, ana iya kiyaye ma'auni na ainihin lokacin tsarin wutar lantarki.Wuraren ajiyar makamashi sune wannan mahimmancin "gidan ajiya".

Yayin da adadin sabbin samar da wutar lantarki ke ci gaba da karuwa, tsarin wutar lantarki yana da karfi da bukatar sabbin makamashi.Daga cikin wuraren ajiyar makamashi, wanda aka fi amfani da shi, balagagge da kuma tattalin arziki shine tashar wutar lantarki da aka kunna.Koyaya, yana da manyan buƙatu akan yanayin yanki da kuma tsawon lokacin gini, yana mai da wahala a tura shi cikin sassauƙa.Sabbin ajiyar makamashi yana da ɗan gajeren lokacin gini, zaɓi mai sauƙi da sassauƙa, da ƙarfin daidaitawa mai ƙarfi, wanda ya dace da fa'idodin ajiyar ruwa na famfo.

Masana sun ce sabbin tanadin makamashi wani muhimmin bangare ne na gina sabbin hanyoyin makamashi.Tare da saurin haɓaka sabon ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi da aka shigar, rawar da take takawa wajen haɓaka haɓakawa da amfani da sabon makamashi da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki ya bayyana a hankali.Pan Wenhu, darektan Cibiyar Kula da Wutar Lantarki ta Jihar Grid Wuhu Power Supply Company, ya ce: “A shekarun baya-bayan nan, aikin gina tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki a Wuhu, Anhui yana kara habaka.A shekarar da ta gabata, an kara sabbin tashoshin wutar lantarki guda 13 a cikin birnin Wuhu, masu karfin wutar lantarki mai karfin kilowatt 227,300.A watan Fabrairun wannan shekara, tashoshin wutar lantarki daban-daban a cikin garin Wuhu sun shiga cikin sama da batches 50 na gyaran wutar lantarkin yankin, inda suka cinye kusan sa'o'i kilowatt miliyan 6.5 na sabon wutar lantarki, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tabbatar da daidaiton wutar lantarkin. grid da kuma amfani da sabon ƙarfin kuzari yayin lokutan ɗaukar nauyi."

Masana sun ce lokacin "Shirin shekaru biyar na 14" muhimmin lokaci ne na dabarun samar da sabbin makamashi.kasata ta kai matsayi na farko a duniya a fannin batir lithium-ion, damtse makamashin iska da sauran fasahohi.Fuskantar gasar fasahar fasahar makamashi ta duniya, lokaci ya yi da za a tallafa wa sabbin fasahohin fasaha na kore da ƙananan carbon da kuma hanzarta gina sabbin tsarin fasahar adana makamashi.

Mayar da hankali kan canjin kore da ƙarancin carbon

A farkon shekarar 2022, hukumar raya kasa da yin garambawul ta kasa da hukumar kula da makamashi ta kasa tare da hadin gwiwa sun fitar da "Shirin aiwatar da sabbin tanadin makamashi a lokacin "shirin shekaru biyar na 14", wanda ya fayyace cewa nan da shekara ta 2025, sabon tsarin ajiyar makamashi. za su shiga mataki na ci gaba mai girma daga farkon matakin kasuwanci, tare da manyan damar kasuwanci.

Tare da ingantattun manufofi, rarrabuwar kawuna da haɓakar haɓaka sabbin makamashin makamashi sun sami sakamako mai ban mamaki."Sabbin ajiyar makamashi ya ƙara zama wata babbar hanyar fasaha don gina sabbin tsarin makamashi da sabbin tsarin wutar lantarki, muhimmin alkibla don haɓaka masana'antu masu tasowa da kuma muhimmiyar mafari don haɓaka canjin kore da ƙarancin carbon na samar da makamashi da amfani."Mataimakin Daraktan Sashen Kare Makamashi da Kayan Fasaha na Daraktan Kula da Makamashi na Kasa Bian Guangqi ya ce.

Ya zuwa karshen shekarar da ta gabata, yawan aikin da aka sanya na sabbin ayyukan ajiyar makamashi da aka kammala kuma aka fara aiki a fadin kasar ya kai kilowatt miliyan 31.39/kilowatt miliyan 66.87, tare da matsakaicin lokacin ajiyar makamashi na sa'o'i 2.1.Dangane da ma'aunin zuba jari, tun daga "shirin shekaru biyar na 14", sabbin damar ajiyar makamashi da aka girka kai tsaye ya sa jarin jarin tattalin arziki sama da yuan biliyan 100 kai tsaye, ya kara fadada sama da kasa na sarkar masana'antu, da zama sabon salo. mai karfi don bunkasa tattalin arzikin kasata.

Yayin da sabbin ƙarfin da aka shigar da makamashi ke girma, sabbin fasahohi na ci gaba da fitowa.Tun daga shekarar da ta gabata, an fara aikin ginawa a kan ayyukan adana makamashin iska mai karfin megawatt 300, ayyukan adana makamashin batir mai karfin megawatt 100, da ayyukan adana makamashi na matakin megawatt.An ƙaddamar da sabbin fasahohi kamar ajiyar makamashi na nauyi, ajiyar makamashin iska, da ajiyar makamashin carbon dioxide.Aiwatar da fasaha ya nuna yanayin ci gaba iri-iri.Ya zuwa karshen 2023, an sanya kashi 97.4% na ajiyar makamashin batirin lithium-ion, kashi 0.5% na ajiyar batirin gubar-carbon, 0.5% na ajiyar makamashin iska, kashi 0.4% na ajiyar makamashin baturi, da sauran sababbi. Fasahar adana makamashi ya kai kashi 1.2%.

"Sabuwar ajiyar makamashi fasaha ce mai rushewa don gina sabon tsarin wutar lantarki mai girma, kuma za mu ci gaba da kara kokarin turawa."Song Hailiang, sakataren kwamitin jam'iyyar, kuma shugaban kamfanin samar da makamashi na kasar Sin Energy Construction Group Co., Ltd., ya bayyana cewa, a fannin jagorancin masana'antu, muna kan gaba wajen aiwatar da manyan ayyuka, fasahar adana makamashin iskar gas ta gindaya. adadin sabbin ayyukan zanga-zangar.A sa'i daya kuma, muna mai da hankali kan yin amfani da makamashi mai inganci da inganci wajen adana makamashin lantarki, da yin jagoranci wajen gudanar da bincike kan muhimman fasahohin adana makamashi da makamashi, da kuma ba da himma wajen raya aikin samar da wutar lantarki mai karfin megawatt 300 na Zhangjiakou. aikin.

Ana buƙatar haɓaka ingantaccen amfani

Domin saduwa da buƙatun gaggawa na ikon sarrafa tsarin wutar lantarki, sabon ƙarfin ajiyar makamashi da aka shigar har yanzu yana buƙatar kiyaye haɓaka cikin sauri.A matsayin masana'antu masu tasowa masu mahimmanci, sabon ajiyar makamashi har yanzu yana cikin matakin farko na ci gaba.Akwai matsaloli kamar ƙarancin aikawa da matakan amfani da aminci waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarfafawa.

A cewar masana masana'antu, bisa ga bukatun hukumomin makamashi na gida, yawancin sabbin ayyukan makamashi suna sanye take da tashoshin wutar lantarki.Koyaya, saboda ƙarancin ƙarfin tallafi mai aiki, ƙirar kasuwanci mara tabbas, hanyoyin gudanarwa mara kyau da sauran batutuwa, ƙimar amfani yana da ƙasa.

A cikin watan Nuwambar bara, Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Kasa ta ba da sanarwar "Sanarwa kan Inganta Haɗin Grid da Aiwatar da Aikace-aikacen Sabbin Ma'ajiyar Makamashi (Draft for Comments)", wanda ya fayyace hanyoyin gudanarwa, buƙatun fasaha, kariyar ƙungiyoyi, da sauransu na sabon ajiyar makamashi. grid hadewa da aika aikace-aikace., ana sa ran inganta matakin amfani da sabbin kayan ajiyar makamashi, da jagorantar ci gaban lafiya na masana'antu, kuma zai yi tasiri mai kyau ga ci gaban ajiyar makamashi ta fuskar isar da wutar lantarki da gina kasuwa.

A matsayin masana'antu, masana'antu, da fasahar aikace-aikacen kasuwanci, sabon ajiyar makamashi yana da tushen ci gaba bisa ƙididdigewa.Liu Yafang, farfesa na wucin gadi a jami'ar Zhejiang, kuma tsohon mataimakin darektan sashen kimiyya da fasaha na hukumar kula da makamashi ta kasar, ya ce a matsayinta na wata kungiya mai kirkire-kirkire, bai kamata kamfanoni su mai da hankali kan yadda na'urar adana makamashin kanta kadai ba. , amma kuma mai da hankali kan tsarin tunani, sarrafawa mai hankali, da aiki na hankali.Ya kamata a ƙara zuba jari a cikin sarrafa hankali na aikin ajiyar makamashin makamashi da ƙaddamar da kasuwar wutar lantarki, da dai sauransu, don ba da cikakken wasa ga ƙimar daidaitawa mai sauƙi na ajiyar makamashi da cimma babban tasiri da ayyuka masu riba.

Sakatare-janar na kungiyar masana'antun samar da wutar lantarki ta kasar Sin Wang Zeshen, ya ba da shawarar cewa, ya kamata a yi la'akari da yanayin kasata na kasata, da kuma matakin ci gaban kasuwar wutar lantarki, da karfafa tsarin manyan tsare-tsare na manufofin ajiyar makamashi, da yin bincike. a kan yanayin aikace-aikacen ajiyar makamashi da hanyoyin biyan kuɗi a cikin sabbin tsarin wutar lantarki ya kamata a aiwatar da su, kuma ya kamata a bincika hanyoyin warware matsalolin da ke tattare da ajiya.Tunani da hanyoyin da za su iya haɓaka ƙullun za su haɓaka haɓakar haɓaka sabbin fasahohin adana makamashi daban-daban kuma suna taka muhimmiyar rawa ta tallafi don tabbatar da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na sabbin tsarin wutar lantarki.(Wang Yichen)